diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-docs/src/docs/antora/modules/reference/pages/features/logging.adoc b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-docs/src/docs/antora/modules/reference/pages/features/logging.adoc
index f2aa01cba62..787e75928ea 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-docs/src/docs/antora/modules/reference/pages/features/logging.adoc
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot-docs/src/docs/antora/modules/reference/pages/features/logging.adoc
@@ -647,6 +647,57 @@ You can also declare implementations by listing them in a `META-INF/spring.facto
 
 
 
+[[features.logging.structured.customizing-stack-traces]]
+=== Customizing Structured Logging Stack Traces
+
+Complete stack traces are included in the JSON output whenever a message is logged with an exception.
+This amount of information may be costly to process by your log ingestion system, so you may want to tune the way that stack traces are printed.
+
+To do this, you can use one or more of the following properties:
+
+|===
+| Property | Description
+
+| configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.root[]
+| Use `last` to print the root item last (same as Java) or `first` to print the root item first.
+
+| configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-length[]
+| The maximum length that should be printed
+
+| configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-throwable-depth[]
+| The maximum number of frames to print per stack trace (including common and suppressed frames)
+
+| configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-common-frames[]
+| If common frames should be included or removed
+
+| configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-hashes[]
+| If a hash of the stack trace should be included
+|===
+
+For example, the following will use root first stack traces, limit their length, and include hashes.
+
+[configprops,yaml]
+----
+logging:
+  structured:
+    json:
+      stacktrace:
+        root: first
+        max-length: 1024
+        include-common-frames: true
+        include-hashes: true
+----
+
+[TIP]
+====
+If you need complete control over stack trace printing you can set configprop:logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer[] to the name of a javadoc:org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter[] implementation.
+You can also set it to `logging-system` to force regular logging system stack trace output to be used.
+
+Your `StackTracePrinter` implementation can also include a constructor argument that accepts a javadoc:org.springframework.boot.logging.StandardStackTracePrinter[] if it wishes to apply further customization to the stack trace printer created from the properties.
+====
+
+
+
 [[features.logging.structured.other-formats]]
 === Supporting Other Structured Logging Formats
 
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StackTracePrinter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StackTracePrinter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5ca12a33ab2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StackTracePrinter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.UncheckedIOException;
+
+/**
+ * Interface that can be used to print the stack trace of a {@link Throwable}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ * @since 3.5.0
+ * @see StandardStackTracePrinter
+ */
+@FunctionalInterface
+public interface StackTracePrinter {
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a {@link String} containing the printed stack trace for a given
+	 * {@link Throwable}.
+	 * @param throwable the throwable that should have its stack trace printed
+	 * @return the stack trace string
+	 */
+	default String printStackTraceToString(Throwable throwable) {
+		try {
+			StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder(4096);
+			printStackTrace(throwable, out);
+			return out.toString();
+		}
+		catch (IOException ex) {
+			throw new UncheckedIOException(ex);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Prints a stack trace for the given {@link Throwable}.
+	 * @param throwable the throwable that should have its stack trace printed
+	 * @param out the destination to write output
+	 * @throws IOException on IO error
+	 */
+	void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException;
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d35a6797a29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,474 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.EnumSet;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.IdentityHashMap;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.BiPredicate;
+import java.util.function.Function;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+import java.util.function.ToIntFunction;
+
+import org.springframework.util.Assert;
+
+/**
+ * {@link StackTracePrinter} that prints a standard form stack trace. This printer
+ * produces a result in a similar form to {@link Throwable#printStackTrace()}, but offers
+ * more customization options.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ * @since 3.5.0
+ */
+public final class StandardStackTracePrinter implements StackTracePrinter {
+
+	private static final String DEFAULT_LINE_SEPARATOR = System.lineSeparator();
+
+	private static final ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> DEFAULT_FRAME_HASHER = (frame) -> Objects
+		.hash(frame.getClassName(), frame.getMethodName(), frame.getLineNumber());
+
+	private static final int UNLIMTED = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
+
+	private final EnumSet<Option> options;
+
+	private final int maximumLength;
+
+	private final String lineSeparator;
+
+	private final Predicate<Throwable> filter;
+
+	private final BiPredicate<Integer, StackTraceElement> frameFilter;
+
+	private final Function<Throwable, String> formatter;
+
+	private final Function<StackTraceElement, String> frameFormatter;
+
+	private final ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> frameHasher;
+
+	private StandardStackTracePrinter(EnumSet<Option> options, int maximumLength, String lineSeparator,
+			Predicate<Throwable> filter, BiPredicate<Integer, StackTraceElement> frameFilter,
+			Function<Throwable, String> formatter, Function<StackTraceElement, String> frameFormatter,
+			ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> frameHasher) {
+		this.options = options;
+		this.maximumLength = maximumLength;
+		this.lineSeparator = (lineSeparator != null) ? lineSeparator : DEFAULT_LINE_SEPARATOR;
+		this.filter = (filter != null) ? filter : (t) -> true;
+		this.frameFilter = (frameFilter != null) ? frameFilter : (i, t) -> true;
+		this.formatter = (formatter != null) ? formatter : Object::toString;
+		this.frameFormatter = (frameFormatter != null) ? frameFormatter : Object::toString;
+		this.frameHasher = frameHasher;
+	}
+
+	@Override
+	public void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException {
+		if (this.filter.test(throwable)) {
+			Set<Throwable> seen = Collections.newSetFromMap(new IdentityHashMap<>());
+			Output output = new Output(out);
+			Print print = new Print("", "", output);
+			printFullStackTrace(seen, print, new StackTrace(throwable), null);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void printFullStackTrace(Set<Throwable> seen, Print print, StackTrace stackTrace, StackTrace enclosing)
+			throws IOException {
+		if (stackTrace == null) {
+			return;
+		}
+		if (!seen.add(stackTrace.throwable())) {
+			String hashPrefix = stackTrace.hashPrefix(this.frameHasher);
+			String throwable = this.formatter.apply(stackTrace.throwable());
+			print.circularReference(hashPrefix, throwable);
+			return;
+		}
+		StackTrace cause = stackTrace.cause();
+		if (!hasOption(Option.ROOT_FIRST)) {
+			printSingleStackTrace(seen, print, stackTrace, enclosing);
+			printFullStackTrace(seen, print.withCausedByCaption(cause), cause, stackTrace);
+		}
+		else {
+			printFullStackTrace(seen, print, cause, stackTrace);
+			printSingleStackTrace(seen, print.withWrappedByCaption(cause), stackTrace, enclosing);
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void printSingleStackTrace(Set<Throwable> seen, Print print, StackTrace stackTrace, StackTrace enclosing)
+			throws IOException {
+		String hashPrefix = stackTrace.hashPrefix(this.frameHasher);
+		String throwable = this.formatter.apply(stackTrace.throwable());
+		print.thrown(hashPrefix, throwable);
+		printFrames(print, stackTrace, enclosing);
+		if (!hasOption(Option.HIDE_SUPPRESSED)) {
+			for (StackTrace suppressed : stackTrace.suppressed()) {
+				printFullStackTrace(seen, print.withSuppressedCaption(), suppressed, stackTrace);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	private void printFrames(Print print, StackTrace stackTrace, StackTrace enclosing) throws IOException {
+		int commonFrames = (!hasOption(Option.SHOW_COMMON_FRAMES)) ? stackTrace.commonFramesCount(enclosing) : 0;
+		int filteredFrames = 0;
+		for (int i = 0; i < stackTrace.frames().length - commonFrames; i++) {
+			StackTraceElement element = stackTrace.frames()[i];
+			if (!this.frameFilter.test(i, element)) {
+				filteredFrames++;
+				continue;
+			}
+			print.omittedFilteredFrames(filteredFrames);
+			filteredFrames = 0;
+			print.at(this.frameFormatter.apply(element));
+		}
+		print.omittedFilteredFrames(filteredFrames);
+		if (commonFrames != 0) {
+			print.omittedCommonFrames(commonFrames);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that will print all
+	 * common frames rather the replacing them with the {@literal "... N more"} message.
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withCommonFrames() {
+		return withOption(Option.SHOW_COMMON_FRAMES);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that will not print
+	 * {@link Throwable#getSuppressed() suppressed} items.
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withoutSuppressed() {
+		return withOption(Option.HIDE_SUPPRESSED);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that will use ellipses
+	 * to truncate output longer that the specified length.
+	 * @param maximumLength the maximum length that can be printed
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withMaximumLength(int maximumLength) {
+		Assert.isTrue(maximumLength > 0, "'maximumLength' must be positive");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that filter frames
+	 * (including caused and suppressed) deeper then the specified maximum.
+	 * @param maximumThrowableDepth the maximum throwable depth
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withMaximumThrowableDepth(int maximumThrowableDepth) {
+		Assert.isTrue(maximumThrowableDepth > 0, "'maximumThrowableDepth' must be positive");
+		return withFrameFilter((index, element) -> index < maximumThrowableDepth);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that will only include
+	 * throwables (excluding caused and suppressed) that match the given predicate.
+	 * @param predicate the predicate used to filter the throwable
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withFilter(Predicate<Throwable> predicate) {
+		Assert.notNull(predicate, "'predicate' must not be null");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator,
+				this.filter.and(predicate), this.frameFilter, this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that will only include
+	 * frames that match the given predicate.
+	 * @param predicate the predicate used to filter frames
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withFrameFilter(BiPredicate<Integer, StackTraceElement> predicate) {
+		Assert.notNull(predicate, "'predicate' must not be null");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter.and(predicate), this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that print the stack
+	 * trace using the specified line separator.
+	 * @param lineSeparator the line separator to use
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withLineSeparator(String lineSeparator) {
+		Assert.notNull(lineSeparator, "'lineSeparator' must not be null");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one uses the specified
+	 * formatter to create a string representation of a throwable.
+	 * @param formatter the formatter to use
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 * @see #withLineSeparator(String)
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withFormatter(Function<Throwable, String> formatter) {
+		Assert.notNull(formatter, "'formatter' must not be null");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one uses the specified
+	 * formatter to create a string representation of a frame.
+	 * @param frameFormatter the frame formatter to use
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 * @see #withLineSeparator(String)
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withFrameFormatter(Function<StackTraceElement, String> frameFormatter) {
+		Assert.notNull(frameFormatter, "'frameFormatter' must not be null");
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, this.formatter, frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that generates and
+	 * prints hashes for each stacktrace.
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withHashes() {
+		return withHashes(true);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} from this one that changes if hashes
+	 * should be generated and printed for each stacktrace.
+	 * @param hashes if hashes should be added
+	 * @return a new {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance
+	 */
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withHashes(boolean hashes) {
+		return withHashes((!hashes) ? null : DEFAULT_FRAME_HASHER);
+	}
+
+	public StandardStackTracePrinter withHashes(ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> frameHasher) {
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(this.options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	private StandardStackTracePrinter withOption(Option option) {
+		EnumSet<Option> options = EnumSet.copyOf(this.options);
+		options.add(option);
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(options, this.maximumLength, this.lineSeparator, this.filter,
+				this.frameFilter, this.formatter, this.frameFormatter, this.frameHasher);
+	}
+
+	private boolean hasOption(Option option) {
+		return this.options.contains(option);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} that prints the stack trace with the
+	 * root exception last (the same as {@link Throwable#printStackTrace()}).
+	 * @return a {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} that prints the stack trace root last
+	 */
+	public static StandardStackTracePrinter rootLast() {
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(EnumSet.noneOf(Option.class), UNLIMTED, null, null, null, null, null,
+				null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Return a {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} that prints the stack trace with the
+	 * root exception first (the opposite of {@link Throwable#printStackTrace()}).
+	 * @return a {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} that prints the stack trace root first
+	 */
+	public static StandardStackTracePrinter rootFirst() {
+		return new StandardStackTracePrinter(EnumSet.of(Option.ROOT_FIRST), UNLIMTED, null, null, null, null, null,
+				null);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Options supported by this printer.
+	 */
+	private enum Option {
+
+		ROOT_FIRST, SHOW_COMMON_FRAMES, HIDE_SUPPRESSED
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Prints the actual line output.
+	 */
+	private record Print(String indent, String caption, Output output) {
+
+		void circularReference(String hashPrefix, String throwable) throws IOException {
+			this.output.println(this.indent, this.caption + "[CIRCULAR REFERENCE: " + hashPrefix + throwable + "]");
+		}
+
+		void thrown(String hashPrefix, String throwable) throws IOException {
+			this.output.println(this.indent, this.caption + hashPrefix + throwable);
+		}
+
+		void at(String frame) throws IOException {
+			this.output.println(this.indent, "\tat " + frame);
+		}
+
+		void omittedFilteredFrames(int filteredFrameCount) throws IOException {
+			if (filteredFrameCount > 0) {
+				this.output.println(this.indent, "\t... " + filteredFrameCount + " filtered");
+			}
+		}
+
+		void omittedCommonFrames(int commonFrameCount) throws IOException {
+			this.output.println(this.indent, "\t... " + commonFrameCount + " more");
+		}
+
+		Print withCausedByCaption(StackTrace causedBy) {
+			return withCaption(causedBy != null, "", "Caused by: ");
+		}
+
+		Print withWrappedByCaption(StackTrace wrappedBy) {
+			return withCaption(wrappedBy != null, "", "Wrapped by: ");
+		}
+
+		public Print withSuppressedCaption() {
+			return withCaption(true, "\t", "Suppressed: ");
+		}
+
+		private Print withCaption(boolean test, String extraIndent, String caption) {
+			return (test) ? new Print(this.indent + extraIndent, caption, this.output) : this;
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Line-by-line output.
+	 */
+	private class Output {
+
+		private static final String ELLIPSIS = "...";
+
+		private final Appendable out;
+
+		private int remaining;
+
+		Output(Appendable out) {
+			this.out = out;
+			this.remaining = StandardStackTracePrinter.this.maximumLength - ELLIPSIS.length();
+		}
+
+		void println(String indent, String string) throws IOException {
+			if (this.remaining > 0) {
+				String line = indent + string + StandardStackTracePrinter.this.lineSeparator;
+				if (line.length() > this.remaining) {
+					line = line.substring(0, this.remaining) + ELLIPSIS;
+				}
+				this.out.append(line);
+				this.remaining -= line.length();
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Holds the stacktrace for a specific throwable and caches things that are expensive
+	 * to calcualte.
+	 */
+	private static final class StackTrace {
+
+		private final Throwable throwable;
+
+		private final StackTraceElement[] frames;
+
+		private StackTrace[] suppressed;
+
+		private StackTrace cause;
+
+		private Integer hash;
+
+		private String hashPrefix;
+
+		private StackTrace(Throwable throwable) {
+			this.throwable = throwable;
+			this.frames = (throwable != null) ? throwable.getStackTrace() : null;
+		}
+
+		Throwable throwable() {
+			return this.throwable;
+		}
+
+		StackTraceElement[] frames() {
+			return this.frames;
+		}
+
+		int commonFramesCount(StackTrace other) {
+			if (other == null) {
+				return 0;
+			}
+			int index = this.frames.length - 1;
+			int otherIndex = other.frames.length - 1;
+			while (index >= 0 && otherIndex >= 0 && this.frames[index].equals(other.frames[otherIndex])) {
+				index--;
+				otherIndex--;
+			}
+			return this.frames.length - 1 - index;
+		}
+
+		StackTrace[] suppressed() {
+			if (this.suppressed == null && this.throwable != null) {
+				this.suppressed = Arrays.stream(this.throwable.getSuppressed())
+					.map(StackTrace::new)
+					.toArray(StackTrace[]::new);
+			}
+			return this.suppressed;
+		}
+
+		StackTrace cause() {
+			if (this.cause == null && this.throwable != null) {
+				Throwable cause = this.throwable.getCause();
+				this.cause = (cause != null) ? new StackTrace(cause) : null;
+			}
+			return this.cause;
+		}
+
+		String hashPrefix(ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> frameHasher) {
+			if (frameHasher == null || throwable() == null) {
+				return "";
+			}
+			this.hashPrefix = (this.hashPrefix != null) ? this.hashPrefix
+					: String.format("<#%08x> ", hash(new HashSet<>(), frameHasher));
+			return this.hashPrefix;
+		}
+
+		private int hash(HashSet<Throwable> seen, ToIntFunction<StackTraceElement> frameHasher) {
+			if (this.hash != null) {
+				return this.hash;
+			}
+			int hash = 0;
+			if (cause() != null && seen.add(cause().throwable())) {
+				hash = cause().hash(seen, frameHasher);
+			}
+			hash = 31 * hash + throwable().getClass().getName().hashCode();
+			for (StackTraceElement frame : frames()) {
+				hash = 31 * hash + frameHasher.applyAsInt(frame);
+			}
+			this.hash = hash;
+			return hash;
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
index 324ac47911f..fc79b0c8f66 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.time.Instant;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.util.ReadOnlyStringMap;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
+import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.ElasticCommonSchemaProperties;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -45,12 +47,14 @@ import org.springframework.util.ObjectUtils;
  */
 class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<LogEvent> {
 
-	ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment,
+	ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, members), customizer);
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, stackTracePrinter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter);
 		members.add("@timestamp", LogEvent::getInstant).as(ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter::asTimestamp);
 		members.add("log.level", LogEvent::getLevel).as(Level::name);
 		members.add("process.pid", environment.getProperty("spring.application.pid", Long.class))
@@ -62,13 +66,9 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogF
 		members.from(LogEvent::getContextData)
 			.whenNot(ReadOnlyStringMap::isEmpty)
 			.usingPairs((contextData, pairs) -> contextData.forEach(pairs::accept));
-		members.from(LogEvent::getThrownProxy).whenNotNull().usingMembers((thrownProxyMembers) -> {
-			thrownProxyMembers.add("error.type", ThrowableProxy::getThrowable)
-				.whenNotNull()
-				.as(ObjectUtils::nullSafeClassName);
-			thrownProxyMembers.add("error.message", ThrowableProxy::getMessage);
-			thrownProxyMembers.add("error.stack_trace", ThrowableProxy::getExtendedStackTraceAsString);
-		});
+		members.from(LogEvent::getThrownProxy)
+			.whenNotNull()
+			.usingMembers((thrownProxyMembers) -> throwableMembers(thrownProxyMembers, extractor));
 		members.add("tags", LogEvent::getMarker)
 			.whenNotNull()
 			.as(ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter::getMarkers)
@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogF
 		return java.time.Instant.ofEpochMilli(instant.getEpochMillisecond()).plusNanos(instant.getNanoOfMillisecond());
 	}
 
+	private static void throwableMembers(Members<ThrowableProxy> members, Extractor extractor) {
+		members.add("error.type", ThrowableProxy::getThrowable).whenNotNull().as(ObjectUtils::nullSafeClassName);
+		members.add("error.message", ThrowableProxy::getMessage);
+		members.add("error.stack_trace", extractor::stackTrace);
+	}
+
 	private static Set<String> getMarkers(Marker marker) {
 		Set<String> result = new TreeSet<>();
 		addMarkers(result, marker);
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/Extractor.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/Extractor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..4f83cd68768
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/Extractor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2;
+
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.ThrowableProxy;
+import org.slf4j.event.LoggingEvent;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.util.Assert;
+
+/**
+ * Functions to extract items from {@link LoggingEvent}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class Extractor {
+
+	private final StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter;
+
+	Extractor(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter) {
+		this.stackTracePrinter = stackTracePrinter;
+	}
+
+	String messageAndStackTrace(LogEvent event) {
+		return event.getMessage().getFormattedMessage() + "\n\n" + stackTrace(event);
+	}
+
+	String stackTrace(LogEvent event) {
+		return stackTrace(event.getThrownProxy());
+	}
+
+	String stackTrace(ThrowableProxy throwableProxy) {
+		if (throwableProxy == null) {
+			return null;
+		}
+		if (this.stackTracePrinter != null) {
+			Throwable throwable = throwableProxy.getThrowable();
+			Assert.state(throwable != null, "Proxy must return Throwable in order to print exception");
+			return this.stackTracePrinter.printStackTraceToString(throwable);
+		}
+		return throwableProxy.getExtendedStackTraceAsString();
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
index f0b93d6e50a..562c518c2f4 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import org.apache.logging.log4j.util.ReadOnlyStringMap;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.WritableJson;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.GraylogExtendedLogFormatProperties;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  *
  * @author Samuel Lissner
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<LogEvent> {
 
@@ -69,12 +71,14 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 	 */
 	private static final Set<String> ADDITIONAL_FIELD_ILLEGAL_KEYS = Set.of("id", "_id");
 
-	GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment,
+	GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, members), customizer);
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, stackTracePrinter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter);
 		members.add("version", "1.1");
 		members.add("short_message", LogEvent::getMessage)
 			.as(GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::getMessageText);
@@ -92,7 +96,7 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 			.usingPairs(GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::createAdditionalFields);
 		members.add()
 			.whenNotNull(LogEvent::getThrownProxy)
-			.usingMembers(GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::throwableMembers);
+			.usingMembers((thrownProxyMembers) -> throwableMembers(thrownProxyMembers, extractor));
 	}
 
 	private static String getMessageText(Message message) {
@@ -122,20 +126,15 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 		return Severity.getSeverity(event.getLevel()).getCode();
 	}
 
-	private static void throwableMembers(Members<LogEvent> members) {
-		members.add("full_message", GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::formatFullMessageWithThrowable);
+	private static void throwableMembers(Members<LogEvent> members, Extractor extractor) {
+		members.add("full_message", extractor::messageAndStackTrace);
 		members.add("_error_type", (event) -> event.getThrownProxy().getThrowable())
 			.whenNotNull()
 			.as(ObjectUtils::nullSafeClassName);
-		members.add("_error_stack_trace", (event) -> event.getThrownProxy().getExtendedStackTraceAsString());
+		members.add("_error_stack_trace", extractor::stackTrace);
 		members.add("_error_message", (event) -> event.getThrownProxy().getMessage());
 	}
 
-	private static String formatFullMessageWithThrowable(LogEvent event) {
-		return event.getMessage().getFormattedMessage() + "\n\n"
-				+ event.getThrownProxy().getExtendedStackTraceAsString();
-	}
-
 	private static void createAdditionalFields(ReadOnlyStringMap contextData, BiConsumer<Object, Object> pairs) {
 		contextData.forEach((name, value) -> createAdditionalField(name, value, pairs));
 	}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
index 92967b1d442..789a27fafa3 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ import java.util.TreeSet;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Level;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.Marker;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LogEvent;
-import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.ThrowableProxy;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.time.Instant;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.util.ReadOnlyStringMap;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -44,11 +44,13 @@ import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
  */
 class LogstashStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<LogEvent> {
 
-	LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super(LogstashStructuredLogFormatter::jsonMembers, customizer);
+	LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(stackTracePrinter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter, JsonWriter.Members<LogEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter);
 		members.add("@timestamp", LogEvent::getInstant).as(LogstashStructuredLogFormatter::asTimestamp);
 		members.add("@version", "1");
 		members.add("message", LogEvent::getMessage).as(StructuredMessage::get);
@@ -63,9 +65,7 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<Lo
 			.whenNotNull()
 			.as(LogstashStructuredLogFormatter::getMarkers)
 			.whenNot(CollectionUtils::isEmpty);
-		members.add("stack_trace", LogEvent::getThrownProxy)
-			.whenNotNull()
-			.as(ThrowableProxy::getExtendedStackTraceAsString);
+		members.add("stack_trace", LogEvent::getThrownProxy).whenNotNull().as(extractor::stackTrace);
 	}
 
 	private static String asTimestamp(Instant instant) {
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayout.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayout.java
index 8bc7cbf6630..086d6707fef 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayout.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayout.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.PluginBuilderFactory;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.config.plugins.PluginLoggerContext;
 import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.layout.AbstractStringLayout;
 
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatterFactory;
@@ -111,22 +112,26 @@ final class StructuredLogLayout extends AbstractStringLayout {
 
 		private ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter createEcsFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
 			Environment environment = instantiator.getArg(Environment.class);
+			StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 				.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-			return new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, jsonMembersCustomizer);
+			return new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, stackTracePrinter, jsonMembersCustomizer);
 		}
 
 		private GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter createGraylogFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
 			Environment environment = instantiator.getArg(Environment.class);
+			StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 				.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-			return new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, jsonMembersCustomizer);
+			return new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, stackTracePrinter,
+					jsonMembersCustomizer);
 		}
 
 		private LogstashStructuredLogFormatter createLogstashFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
+			StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 				.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-			return new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(jsonMembersCustomizer);
+			return new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(stackTracePrinter, jsonMembersCustomizer);
 		}
 
 	}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
index 4f80adbff55..a20ef3f1379 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import org.slf4j.event.KeyValuePair;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.PairExtractor;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.ElasticCommonSchemaProperties;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -49,13 +50,14 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogF
 	private static final PairExtractor<KeyValuePair> keyValuePairExtractor = PairExtractor.of((pair) -> pair.key,
 			(pair) -> pair.value);
 
-	ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment, ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
-			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
+	ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter, StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
-			JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter, JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter);
 		members.add("@timestamp", ILoggingEvent::getInstant);
 		members.add("log.level", ILoggingEvent::getLevel);
 		members.add("process.pid", environment.getProperty("spring.application.pid", Long.class))
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogF
 		members.add().whenNotNull(ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy).usingMembers((throwableMembers) -> {
 			throwableMembers.add("error.type", ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy).as(IThrowableProxy::getClassName);
 			throwableMembers.add("error.message", ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy).as(IThrowableProxy::getMessage);
-			throwableMembers.add("error.stack_trace", throwableProxyConverter::convert);
+			throwableMembers.add("error.stack_trace", extractor::stackTrace);
 		});
 		members.add("ecs.version", "8.11");
 		members.add("tags", ILoggingEvent::getMarkerList)
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/Extractor.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/Extractor.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6624d03d0b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/Extractor.java
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.logback;
+
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.pattern.ThrowableProxyConverter;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.IThrowableProxy;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ThrowableProxy;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.util.Assert;
+
+/**
+ * Functions to extract items from {@link ILoggingEvent}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class Extractor {
+
+	private final StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter;
+
+	private final ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter;
+
+	Extractor(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter, ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter) {
+		this.stackTracePrinter = stackTracePrinter;
+		this.throwableProxyConverter = throwableProxyConverter;
+	}
+
+	String messageAndStackTrace(ILoggingEvent event) {
+		return event.getFormattedMessage() + "\n\n" + stackTrace(event);
+	}
+
+	String stackTrace(ILoggingEvent event) {
+		if (this.stackTracePrinter != null) {
+			IThrowableProxy throwableProxy = event.getThrowableProxy();
+			Assert.state(throwableProxy instanceof ThrowableProxy,
+					"Instance must be a ThrowableProxy in order to print exception");
+			Throwable throwable = ((ThrowableProxy) throwableProxy).getThrowable();
+			return this.stackTracePrinter.printStackTraceToString(throwable);
+		}
+		return this.throwableProxyConverter.convert(event);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
index 0bfb243e0ca..02ed910ef65 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ import org.slf4j.event.KeyValuePair;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.WritableJson;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.GraylogExtendedLogFormatProperties;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@ import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
  *
  * @author Samuel Lissner
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<ILoggingEvent> {
 
@@ -69,13 +71,14 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 	 */
 	private static final Set<String> ADDITIONAL_FIELD_ILLEGAL_KEYS = Set.of("id", "_id");
 
-	GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment,
+	GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
 			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter, StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(environment, stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
-			JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter, JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter);
 		members.add("version", "1.1");
 		members.add("short_message", ILoggingEvent::getFormattedMessage)
 			.as(GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::getMessageText);
@@ -96,7 +99,7 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 			.usingPairs(GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter::createAdditionalField);
 		members.add()
 			.whenNotNull(ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy)
-			.usingMembers((throwableMembers) -> throwableMembers(throwableMembers, throwableProxyConverter));
+			.usingMembers((throwableMembers) -> throwableMembers(throwableMembers, extractor));
 	}
 
 	private static String getMessageText(String formattedMessage) {
@@ -115,19 +118,13 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructure
 		return (out) -> out.append(new BigDecimal(timeStamp).movePointLeft(3).toPlainString());
 	}
 
-	private static void throwableMembers(Members<ILoggingEvent> members,
-			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter) {
-		members.add("full_message", (event) -> formatFullMessageWithThrowable(throwableProxyConverter, event));
+	private static void throwableMembers(Members<ILoggingEvent> members, Extractor extractor) {
+		members.add("full_message", extractor::messageAndStackTrace);
 		members.add("_error_type", ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy).as(IThrowableProxy::getClassName);
-		members.add("_error_stack_trace", throwableProxyConverter::convert);
+		members.add("_error_stack_trace", extractor::stackTrace);
 		members.add("_error_message", ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy).as(IThrowableProxy::getMessage);
 	}
 
-	private static String formatFullMessageWithThrowable(ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
-			ILoggingEvent event) {
-		return event.getFormattedMessage() + "\n\n" + throwableProxyConverter.convert(event);
-	}
-
 	private static void createAdditionalField(List<KeyValuePair> keyValuePairs, BiConsumer<Object, Object> pairs) {
 		keyValuePairs.forEach((keyValuePair) -> createAdditionalField(keyValuePair.key, keyValuePair.value, pairs));
 	}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
index 9008cb69349..16e0865fd39 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ import org.slf4j.event.KeyValuePair;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.PairExtractor;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatter;
@@ -49,13 +50,14 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<IL
 	private static final PairExtractor<KeyValuePair> keyValuePairExtractor = PairExtractor.of((pair) -> pair.key,
 			(pair) -> pair.value);
 
-	LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
+	LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter, ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
 			StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> customizer) {
-		super((members) -> jsonMembers(throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
+		super((members) -> jsonMembers(stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter, members), customizer);
 	}
 
-	private static void jsonMembers(ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter,
-			JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+	private static void jsonMembers(StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter,
+			ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter, JsonWriter.Members<ILoggingEvent> members) {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter);
 		members.add("@timestamp", ILoggingEvent::getInstant).as(LogstashStructuredLogFormatter::asTimestamp);
 		members.add("@version", "1");
 		members.add("message", ILoggingEvent::getFormattedMessage);
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatter extends JsonWriterStructuredLogFormatter<IL
 			.whenNotEmpty();
 		members.add("stack_trace", (event) -> event)
 			.whenNotNull(ILoggingEvent::getThrowableProxy)
-			.as(throwableProxyConverter::convert);
+			.as(extractor::stackTrace);
 	}
 
 	private static String asTimestamp(Instant instant) {
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoder.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoder.java
index bcc3bbd12dd..f72ac17026f 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoder.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoder.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent;
 import ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.Encoder;
 import ch.qos.logback.core.encoder.EncoderBase;
 
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.CommonStructuredLogFormat;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatterFactory;
@@ -88,27 +89,30 @@ public class StructuredLogEncoder extends EncoderBase<ILoggingEvent> {
 
 	private StructuredLogFormatter<ILoggingEvent> createEcsFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
 		Environment environment = instantiator.getArg(Environment.class);
+		StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 		ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter = instantiator.getArg(ThrowableProxyConverter.class);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 			.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-		return new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, throwableProxyConverter,
+		return new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter,
 				jsonMembersCustomizer);
 	}
 
 	private StructuredLogFormatter<ILoggingEvent> createGraylogFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
 		Environment environment = instantiator.getArg(Environment.class);
+		StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 		ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter = instantiator.getArg(ThrowableProxyConverter.class);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 			.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-		return new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, throwableProxyConverter,
-				jsonMembersCustomizer);
+		return new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, stackTracePrinter,
+				throwableProxyConverter, jsonMembersCustomizer);
 	}
 
 	private StructuredLogFormatter<ILoggingEvent> createLogstashFormatter(Instantiator<?> instantiator) {
+		StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter = instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class);
 		ThrowableProxyConverter throwableProxyConverter = instantiator.getArg(ThrowableProxyConverter.class);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> jsonMembersCustomizer = instantiator
 			.getArg(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class);
-		return new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(throwableProxyConverter, jsonMembersCustomizer);
+		return new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(stackTracePrinter, throwableProxyConverter, jsonMembersCustomizer);
 	}
 
 	@Override
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatter.java
index c7546324893..897093d2c3a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatter.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatter.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.pattern.ThrowableProxyConverter;
 
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
 
 /**
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
  * <ul>
  * <li>{@link Environment}</li>
  * <li>{@link StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer}</li>
+ * <li>{@link StackTracePrinter} (may be {@code null})</li>
  * </ul>
  * When using Logback, implementing classes can also use the following parameter types in
  * the constructor:
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactory.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactory.java
index a508d1ae05e..67116d54caf 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactory.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactory.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import java.util.TreeMap;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.util.Instantiator;
 import org.springframework.boot.util.Instantiator.AvailableParameters;
 import org.springframework.boot.util.Instantiator.FailureHandler;
@@ -77,12 +78,14 @@ public class StructuredLogFormatterFactory<E> {
 
 	StructuredLogFormatterFactory(SpringFactoriesLoader factoriesLoader, Class<E> logEventType, Environment environment,
 			Consumer<AvailableParameters> availableParameters, Consumer<CommonFormatters<E>> commonFormatters) {
+		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.get(environment);
 		this.factoriesLoader = factoriesLoader;
 		this.logEventType = logEventType;
 		this.instantiator = new Instantiator<>(Object.class, (allAvailableParameters) -> {
 			allAvailableParameters.add(Environment.class, environment);
 			allAvailableParameters.add(StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer.class,
-					(type) -> getStructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer(environment));
+					(type) -> getStructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer(properties));
+			allAvailableParameters.add(StackTracePrinter.class, (type) -> getStackTracePrinter(properties));
 			if (availableParameters != null) {
 				availableParameters.accept(allAvailableParameters);
 			}
@@ -91,9 +94,9 @@ public class StructuredLogFormatterFactory<E> {
 		commonFormatters.accept(this.commonFormatters);
 	}
 
-	StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> getStructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer(Environment environment) {
+	StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?> getStructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer(
+			StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties) {
 		List<StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?>> customizers = new ArrayList<>();
-		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.get(environment);
 		if (properties != null) {
 			customizers.add(new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(this.instantiator, properties));
 		}
@@ -115,6 +118,10 @@ public class StructuredLogFormatterFactory<E> {
 		}
 	}
 
+	private StackTracePrinter getStackTracePrinter(StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties) {
+		return (properties != null && properties.stackTrace() != null) ? properties.stackTrace().createPrinter() : null;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * Get a new {@link StructuredLogFormatter} instance for the specified format.
 	 * @param format the format requested (either a {@link CommonStructuredLogFormat} ID
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.java
index ff026894c89..25a38393ae2 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.java
@@ -19,11 +19,19 @@ package org.springframework.boot.logging.structured;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Locale;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.function.BiFunction;
+import java.util.function.UnaryOperator;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.PropertyMapper;
 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.BindableRuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind.Binder;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StandardStackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.util.Instantiator;
 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
 
@@ -34,13 +42,15 @@ import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
  * @param exclude the paths that should be excluded. An empty set excludes nothing
  * @param rename a map of path to replacement names
  * @param add a map of additional elements {@link StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer}
+ * @param stackTrace stack trace properties
  * @param customizer the fully qualified names of
  * {@link StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer} implementations
  * @author Phillip Webb
  * @author Yanming Zhou
  */
 record StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set<String> include, Set<String> exclude, Map<String, String> rename,
-		Map<String, String> add, Set<Class<? extends StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?>>> customizer) {
+		Map<String, String> add, StackTrace stackTrace,
+		Set<Class<? extends StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<?>>> customizer) {
 
 	StructuredLoggingJsonProperties {
 		customizer = (customizer != null) ? customizer : Collections.emptySet();
@@ -57,6 +67,74 @@ record StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set<String> include, Set<String> exclude,
 			.orElse(null);
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * Properties to influence stack trace printing.
+	 *
+	 * @param printer the name of the printer to use. Can be {@code null},
+	 * {@code "standard"}, {@code "logging-system"}, or the fully-qualified class name of
+	 * a {@link StackTracePrinter} implementation. A {@code null} value will be treated as
+	 * {@code "standard"} when any other property is set, otherwise it will be treated as
+	 * {@code "logging-system"}. {@link StackTracePrinter} implementations may optionally
+	 * inject a {@link StandardStackTracePrinter} instance into their constructor which
+	 * will be configured from the properties.
+	 * @param root the root ordering (root first or root last)
+	 * @param maxLength the maximum length to print
+	 * @param maxThrowableDepth the maximum throwable depth to print
+	 * @param includeCommonFrames whether common frames should be included
+	 * @param includeHashes whether stack trace hashes should be included
+	 */
+	record StackTrace(String printer, Root root, Integer maxLength, Integer maxThrowableDepth,
+			Boolean includeCommonFrames, Boolean includeHashes) {
+
+		StackTracePrinter createPrinter() {
+			String name = (printer() != null) ? printer() : "";
+			name = name.toLowerCase(Locale.getDefault()).replace("-", "");
+			if ("loggingsystem".equals(name) || (name.isEmpty() && !hasAnyOtherProperty())) {
+				return null;
+			}
+			StandardStackTracePrinter standardPrinter = createStandardPrinter();
+			if ("standard".equals(name) || name.isEmpty()) {
+				return standardPrinter;
+			}
+			return (StackTracePrinter) new Instantiator<>(StackTracePrinter.class,
+					(parameters) -> parameters.add(StandardStackTracePrinter.class, standardPrinter))
+				.instantiate(printer());
+		}
+
+		private boolean hasAnyOtherProperty() {
+			return Stream.of(root(), maxLength(), maxThrowableDepth(), includeCommonFrames(), includeHashes())
+				.anyMatch(Objects::nonNull);
+		}
+
+		private StandardStackTracePrinter createStandardPrinter() {
+			StandardStackTracePrinter printer = (root() != Root.FIRST) ? StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+					: StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast();
+			PropertyMapper map = PropertyMapper.get().alwaysApplyingWhenNonNull();
+			printer = map.from(this::maxLength).to(printer, StandardStackTracePrinter::withMaximumLength);
+			printer = map.from(this::maxThrowableDepth)
+				.to(printer, StandardStackTracePrinter::withMaximumThrowableDepth);
+			printer = map.from(this::includeCommonFrames)
+				.to(printer, apply(StandardStackTracePrinter::withCommonFrames));
+			printer = map.from(this::includeHashes).to(printer, apply(StandardStackTracePrinter::withHashes));
+			return printer;
+		}
+
+		private BiFunction<StandardStackTracePrinter, Boolean, StandardStackTracePrinter> apply(
+				UnaryOperator<StandardStackTracePrinter> action) {
+			return (printer, value) -> (!value) ? printer : action.apply(printer);
+		}
+
+		/**
+		 * Root ordering.
+		 */
+		enum Root {
+
+			LAST, FIRST
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
 	static class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesRuntimeHints extends BindableRuntimeHintsRegistrar {
 
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesRuntimeHints() {
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/resources/META-INF/additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/resources/META-INF/additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json
index ccae007ff9b..518625fd49d 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/resources/META-INF/additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/main/resources/META-INF/additional-spring-configuration-metadata.json
@@ -286,6 +286,36 @@
       "type": "java.util.Map<java.lang.String,java.lang.String>",
       "description": "Mapping between member paths and an alternative name that should be used in structured logging JSON"
     },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-common-frames",
+      "type": "java.lang.Boolean",
+      "description": "Whether common frames should be included."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-hashes",
+      "type": "java.lang.Boolean",
+      "description": "Whether stack trace hashes should be included."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-length",
+      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
+      "description": "Maximum length to print."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-throwable-depth",
+      "type": "java.lang.Integer",
+      "description": "Maximum throwable depth to print."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer",
+      "type": "java.lang.String",
+      "description": "Name of the printer to use. Can be 'standard', 'logging-system', or the fully-qualified class name of a  StackTracePrinter. When not specified 'logging-system' or 'standard' will be used depening if other properties are set."
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.root",
+      "type": "org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.StackTrace.Root",
+      "description": "Root ordering (root first or root last)."
+    },
     {
       "name": "logging.threshold.console",
       "type": "java.lang.String",
@@ -697,6 +727,25 @@
           }
         }
       ]
+    },
+ 	{
+      "name": "logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer",
+      "values": [
+        {
+          "value": "standard"
+        },
+        {
+          "value": "logging-system"
+        }
+      ],
+      "providers": [
+        {
+          "name": "handle-as",
+          "parameters": {
+            "target": "java.lang.Class<org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter>"
+          }
+        }
+      ]
     },
     {
       "name": "spring.config.import",
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinterTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..9a4c59056c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/StandardStackTracePrinterTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.io.Writer;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalArgumentException;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link StandardStackTracePrinter}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class StandardStackTracePrinterTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void rootLastPrintsStackTrace() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, standardStackTrace());
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void rootLastPrintsStackTraceThatMatchesJvm() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		Writer printedJvmStackTrace = new StringWriter();
+		exception.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(printedJvmStackTrace));
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception,
+				TestException.withoutLineNumbers(printedJvmStackTrace.toString()));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void rootFirstPrintsStackTrace() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						... 1 more
+						""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withCommonFramesWhenRootLastPrintsAllFrames() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withCommonFrames();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withCommonFramesWhenRootFirstPrintsAllFrames() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withCommonFrames();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+						""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withoutSuppressedHidesSuppressed() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withoutSuppressed();
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+					""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMaximumLengthWhenNegativeThrowsException() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException()
+			.isThrownBy(() -> StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withMaximumLength(0))
+			.withMessage("'maximumLength' must be positive");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMaximumLengthTruncatesOutput() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withMaximumLength(14);
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception)).isEqualTo("java.lang.R...");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMaximumThrowableDepthWhenNegativeThrowsException() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException()
+			.isThrownBy(() -> StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withMaximumThrowableDepth(0))
+			.withMessage("'maximumThrowableDepth' must be positive");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMaximumThrowableDepthFiltersElements() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withMaximumThrowableDepth(1);
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 filtered
+					... 1 more
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 3 filtered
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						... 1 more
+						""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMaximumThrowableDepthAndCommonFramesFiltersElements() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+			.withCommonFrames()
+			.withMaximumThrowableDepth(2);
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 filtered
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 2 filtered
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+						""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFilterWhenPredicateIsNullThrowsException() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException().isThrownBy(() -> StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst().withFilter(null))
+			.withMessage("'predicate' must not be null");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFilterWhenFilterMatches() {
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+			.withFilter(IllegalStateException.class::isInstance);
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(new IllegalStateException("test"))).isNotEmpty();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFilterWhenFilterDoesNotMatch() {
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+			.withFilter(IllegalStateException.class::isInstance);
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(new RuntimeException("test"))).isEmpty();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withMultipleFiltersMustAllMatch() {
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+			.withFilter(IllegalStateException.class::isInstance)
+			.withFilter((ex) -> "test".equals(ex.getMessage()));
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(new IllegalStateException("test"))).isNotEmpty();
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(new IllegalStateException("nope"))).isEmpty();
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(new RuntimeException("test"))).isEmpty();
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFrameFilter() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootFirst()
+			.withCommonFrames()
+			.withFrameFilter((index, element) -> element.getMethodName().startsWith("run"));
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					... 1 filtered
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					... 2 filtered
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+				Wrapped by: java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					... 3 filtered
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						... 1 filtered
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+						""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withLineSeparatorUsesLineSeparator() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withLineSeparator("!");
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception,
+				standardStackTrace().replace(System.lineSeparator(), "!"));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFormatterWhenFormatterIsNullThrowsException() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException().isThrownBy(() -> StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withFormatter(null))
+			.withMessage("'formatter' must not be null");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFormatterFormatsThrowable() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast()
+			.withFormatter((throwable) -> ClassUtils.getShortName(throwable.getClass()) + ": "
+					+ throwable.getLocalizedMessage());
+		assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(printer, exception, """
+				RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						... 1 more
+				Caused by: RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Caused by: RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+					""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFrameFormatterWhenFormatterIsNullThrowsException() {
+		assertThatIllegalArgumentException()
+			.isThrownBy(() -> StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withFrameFormatter(null))
+			.withMessage("'frameFormatter' must not be null");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withFrameFormatterFormatsFrame() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast()
+			.withFrameFormatter(
+					(element) -> ClassUtils.getShortName(element.getClassName()) + "." + element.getMethodName());
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception)).isEqualTo("""
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at TestException.actualCreateException
+					at TestException.createException
+					at TestException.createTestException
+					at TestException.CreatorThread.run
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at TestException.createTestException
+						... 1 more
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at TestException.createCause
+					at TestException.createTestException
+					... 1 more
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at TestException.createTestException
+					... 1 more
+					""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withHashesFunctionPrintsStackTraceWithHashes() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast()
+			.withHashes((frame) -> Objects.hash(frame.getClassName(), frame.getMethodName()));
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception)).isEqualTo("""
+				<#cc3eebec> java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:63)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:59)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:49)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:77)
+					Suppressed: <#834defc3> java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:50)
+						... 1 more
+				Caused by: <#611639c5> java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:55)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:48)
+					... 1 more
+				Caused by: <#834defc3> java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:47)
+					... 1 more
+					""");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void withHashesPrintsStackTraceWithHashes() {
+		Throwable exception = TestException.create();
+		StandardStackTracePrinter printer = StandardStackTracePrinter.rootLast().withHashes();
+		assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception)).containsPattern("<#[0-9a-f]{8}>");
+	}
+
+	private String standardStackTrace() {
+		return """
+				java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException$CreatorThread.run(TestException.java:NN)
+					Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+						... 1 more
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: cause
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createCause(TestException.java:NN)
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+				Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: root
+					at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createTestException(TestException.java:NN)
+					... 1 more
+					""";
+	}
+
+	private void assertThatCleanedStackTraceMatches(StandardStackTracePrinter printer, Throwable throwable,
+			String expected) {
+		String actual = printer.printStackTraceToString(throwable);
+		assertThat(TestException.withoutLineNumbers(actual)).isEqualTo(expected);
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/TestException.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/TestException.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..6ce9bcb53cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/TestException.java
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging;
+
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+/**
+ * Creates a test exception without too much stacktrace.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+public final class TestException {
+
+	private static final Pattern LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("\\.java\\:\\d+\\)");
+
+	private TestException() {
+	}
+
+	public static Exception create() {
+		CreatorThread creatorThread = new CreatorThread();
+		creatorThread.start();
+		try {
+			creatorThread.join();
+		}
+		catch (InterruptedException ex) {
+			Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+		}
+		return creatorThread.exception;
+	}
+
+	private static Exception createTestException() {
+		Throwable root = new RuntimeException("root");
+		Throwable cause = createCause(root);
+		Exception exception = createException(cause);
+		exception.addSuppressed(new RuntimeException("supressed"));
+		return exception;
+	}
+
+	private static Throwable createCause(Throwable root) {
+		return new RuntimeException("cause", root);
+	}
+
+	private static Exception createException(Throwable cause) {
+		return actualCreateException(cause);
+	}
+
+	private static Exception actualCreateException(Throwable cause) {
+		return new RuntimeException("exception", cause);
+	}
+
+	public static String withoutLineNumbers(String stackTrace) {
+		Matcher matcher = LINE_NUMBER_PATTERN.matcher(stackTrace);
+		return matcher.replaceAll(".java:NN)");
+	}
+
+	private static final class CreatorThread extends Thread {
+
+		Exception exception;
+
+		@Override
+		public void run() {
+			this.exception = createTestException();
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
index 633a7431463..40ada91478f 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -60,12 +60,17 @@ abstract class AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	}
 
 	protected static MutableLogEvent createEvent() {
+		return createEvent(null);
+	}
+
+	protected static MutableLogEvent createEvent(Throwable thrown) {
 		MutableLogEvent event = new MutableLogEvent();
 		event.setTimeMillis(EVENT_TIME.toEpochMilli());
 		event.setLevel(Level.INFO);
 		event.setThreadName("main");
 		event.setLoggerName("org.example.Test");
 		event.setMessage(new SimpleMessage("message"));
+		event.setThrown(thrown);
 		return event;
 	}
 
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index 2b3c2090c49..5d7533aabcc 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -37,20 +37,23 @@ import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
  * Tests for {@link ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter}.
  *
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
+	private MockEnvironment environment;
+
 	private ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter formatter;
 
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
-		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.name", "name");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.version", "1.0.0");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.environment", "test");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.node-name", "node-1");
-		environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
-		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, this.customizer);
+		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.name", "name");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.version", "1.0.0");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.environment", "test");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.node-name", "node-1");
+		this.environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
+		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, null, this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -89,6 +92,17 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredL
 						java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom\\n\\tat org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.shouldFormatException""");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionUsingStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, new SimpleStackTracePrinter(),
+				this.customizer);
+		MutableLogEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setThrown(new RuntimeException("Boom"));
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(this.formatter.format(event));
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("error.stack_trace");
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void shouldFormatStructuredMessage() {
 		MutableLogEvent event = createEvent();
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ExtractorTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ExtractorTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e03712be473
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/ExtractorTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2;
+
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.LogEvent;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.core.impl.MutableLogEvent;
+import org.apache.logging.log4j.message.SimpleMessage;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link Extractor}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class ExtractorTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void messageAndStackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingLoggingSystem() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(null);
+		assertThat(extractor.messageAndStackTrace(createEvent())).startsWith("TestMessage\n\n")
+			.contains("java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom!");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void messageAndStackTraceWhenPrinterPrintsUsingPrinter() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(new SimpleStackTracePrinter());
+		assertThat(extractor.messageAndStackTrace(createEvent()))
+			.isEqualTo("TestMessage\n\nstacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void stackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingLoggingSystem() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(null);
+		assertThat(extractor.stackTrace(createEvent())).contains("java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom!");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void stackTraceWhenPrinterPrintsUsingPrinter() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(new SimpleStackTracePrinter());
+		assertThat(extractor.stackTrace(createEvent())).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	private LogEvent createEvent() {
+		MutableLogEvent event = new MutableLogEvent();
+		event.setMessage(new SimpleMessage("TestMessage"));
+		event.setThrown(new RuntimeException("Boom!"));
+		return event;
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index 0cb2abf06f7..73721b06217 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -37,19 +37,22 @@ import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
  *
  * @author Samuel Lissner
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 @ExtendWith(OutputCaptureExtension.class)
 class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
 	private GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter formatter;
 
+	private MockEnvironment environment;
+
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
-		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.host", "name");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.service.version", "1.0.0");
-		environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
-		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, this.customizer);
+		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.host", "name");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.service.version", "1.0.0");
+		this.environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
+		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, null, this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -148,4 +151,20 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStruct
 						message\\n\\njava.lang.RuntimeException: Boom\\n\\tat org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.shouldFormatException""");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionUsingStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment,
+				new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), this.customizer);
+		MutableLogEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setThrown(new RuntimeException("Boom"));
+		String json = this.formatter.format(event);
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		String fullMessage = (String) deserialized.get("full_message");
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("_error_stack_trace");
+		assertThat(fullMessage).isEqualTo("message\n\nstacktrace:RuntimeException");
+		assertThat(deserialized)
+			.containsAllEntriesOf(map("_error_type", "java.lang.RuntimeException", "_error_message", "Boom"));
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index 61041aefe04..8662eea8fd2 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
  * Tests for {@link LogstashStructuredLogFormatter}.
  *
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 class LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests
 
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
-		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(this.customizer);
+		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(null, this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -85,6 +86,17 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests
 						java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom\\n\\tat org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2.LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.shouldFormatException""");
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionWithStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), this.customizer);
+		MutableLogEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setThrown(new RuntimeException("Boom"));
+		String json = this.formatter.format(event);
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("stack_trace");
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void shouldFormatStructuredMessage() {
 		MutableLogEvent event = createEvent();
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..416985ac730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.log4j2;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import com.mchange.v1.lang.ClassUtils;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+
+/**
+ * Simple {@link StackTracePrinter} used for testing.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class SimpleStackTracePrinter implements StackTracePrinter {
+
+	@Override
+	public void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException {
+		out.append("stacktrace:" + ClassUtils.simpleClassName(throwable.getClass()));
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLoggingLayoutTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayoutTests.java
similarity index 84%
rename from spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLoggingLayoutTests.java
rename to spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayoutTests.java
index 9e9d65ea0e8..f7600f2ce7a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLoggingLayoutTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/log4j2/StructuredLogLayoutTests.java
@@ -39,8 +39,9 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalStateException;
  * Tests for {@link StructuredLogLayout}.
  *
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
-class StructuredLoggingLayoutTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
+class StructuredLogLayoutTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
 	private MockEnvironment environment;
 
@@ -49,6 +50,8 @@ class StructuredLoggingLayoutTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setup() {
 		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer",
+				SimpleStackTracePrinter.class.getName());
 		this.loggerContext = (LoggerContext) LogManager.getContext(false);
 		this.loggerContext.putObject(Log4J2LoggingSystem.ENVIRONMENT_KEY, this.environment);
 	}
@@ -61,17 +64,28 @@ class StructuredLoggingLayoutTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	@Test
 	void shouldSupportEcsCommonFormat() {
 		StructuredLogLayout layout = newBuilder().setFormat("ecs").build();
-		String json = layout.toSerializable(createEvent());
+		String json = layout.toSerializable(createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!")));
 		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
 		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("ecs.version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("error.stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void shouldSupportLogstashCommonFormat() {
 		StructuredLogLayout layout = newBuilder().setFormat("logstash").build();
-		String json = layout.toSerializable(createEvent());
+		String json = layout.toSerializable(createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!")));
 		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
 		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("@version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldSupportGelfCommonFormat() {
+		StructuredLogLayout layout = newBuilder().setFormat("gelf").build();
+		String json = layout.toSerializable(createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!")));
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("_error_stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
 	}
 
 	@Test
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
index 1d4bece61b7..57a92ccf8f6 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/AbstractStructuredLoggingTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import java.util.Map;
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.Level;
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.pattern.ThrowableProxyConverter;
 import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.LoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ThrowableProxy;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.type.TypeReference;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
@@ -100,12 +101,19 @@ abstract class AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	}
 
 	protected static LoggingEvent createEvent() {
+		return createEvent(null);
+	}
+
+	protected static LoggingEvent createEvent(Throwable thrown) {
 		LoggingEvent event = new LoggingEvent();
 		event.setInstant(EVENT_TIME);
 		event.setLevel(Level.INFO);
 		event.setThreadName("main");
 		event.setLoggerName("org.example.Test");
 		event.setMessage("message");
+		if (thrown != null) {
+			event.setThrowableProxy(new ThrowableProxy(thrown));
+		}
 		return event;
 	}
 
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index f9eb4d7653c..d2e6662ff9a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -37,23 +37,26 @@ import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
  * Tests for {@link ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter}.
  *
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
+	private MockEnvironment environment;
+
 	private ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter formatter;
 
 	@Override
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
 		super.setUp();
-		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.name", "name");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.version", "1.0.0");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.environment", "test");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.node-name", "node-1");
-		environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
-		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(environment, getThrowableProxyConverter(),
-				this.customizer);
+		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.name", "name");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.version", "1.0.0");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.environment", "test");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.ecs.service.node-name", "node-1");
+		this.environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
+		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, null,
+				getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -95,6 +98,18 @@ class ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredL
 					.replace("\r", "\\r"));
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionUsingStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new ElasticCommonSchemaStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, new SimpleStackTracePrinter(),
+				getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
+		event.setThrowableProxy(new ThrowableProxy(new RuntimeException("Boom")));
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(this.formatter.format(event));
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("error.stack_trace");
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void shouldFormatMarkersAsTags() {
 		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ExtractorTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ExtractorTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c2e03c28073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/ExtractorTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.logback;
+
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.pattern.ThrowableProxyConverter;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ILoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.LoggingEvent;
+import ch.qos.logback.classic.spi.ThrowableProxy;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+
+/**
+ * Tests for {@link Extractor}.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class ExtractorTests {
+
+	@Test
+	void messageAndStackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingLoggingSystem() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(null, createConverter());
+		assertThat(extractor.messageAndStackTrace(createEvent())).startsWith("TestMessage\n\n")
+			.contains("java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom!");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void messageAndStackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingPrinter() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), createConverter());
+		assertThat(extractor.messageAndStackTrace(createEvent()))
+			.isEqualTo("TestMessage\n\nstacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void stackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingLoggingSystem() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(null, createConverter());
+		assertThat(extractor.stackTrace(createEvent())).contains("java.lang.RuntimeException: Boom!");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void stackTraceWhenNoPrinterPrintsUsingPrinter() {
+		Extractor extractor = new Extractor(new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), createConverter());
+		assertThat(extractor.stackTrace(createEvent())).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	private ThrowableProxyConverter createConverter() {
+		ThrowableProxyConverter converter = new ThrowableProxyConverter();
+		converter.start();
+		return converter;
+	}
+
+	private ILoggingEvent createEvent() {
+		LoggingEvent event = new LoggingEvent();
+		event.setMessage("TestMessage");
+		event.setThrowableProxy(new ThrowableProxy(new RuntimeException("Boom!")));
+		return event;
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index e98986a30b9..9aeaecc4546 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -38,22 +38,25 @@ import static org.mockito.BDDMockito.then;
  *
  * @author Samuel Lissner
  * @author Moritz Halbritter
+ * @author Phillip Webb
  */
 @ExtendWith(OutputCaptureExtension.class)
 class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 
+	private MockEnvironment environment;
+
 	private GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter formatter;
 
 	@Override
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
 		super.setUp();
-		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.host", "name");
-		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.service.version", "1.0.0");
-		environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
-		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(environment, getThrowableProxyConverter(),
-				this.customizer);
+		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.host", "name");
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.gelf.service.version", "1.0.0");
+		this.environment.setProperty("spring.application.pid", "1");
+		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment, null,
+				getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -152,4 +155,21 @@ class GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStruct
 					.replace("\r", "\\r"));
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionUsingStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new GraylogExtendedLogFormatStructuredLogFormatter(this.environment,
+				new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
+		event.setThrowableProxy(new ThrowableProxy(new RuntimeException("Boom")));
+		String json = this.formatter.format(event);
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		String fullMessage = (String) deserialized.get("full_message");
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("_error_stack_trace");
+		assertThat(fullMessage).isEqualTo("message\n\nstacktrace:RuntimeException");
+		assertThat(deserialized)
+			.containsAllEntriesOf(map("_error_type", "java.lang.RuntimeException", "_error_message", "Boom"));
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
index 8cdcf6948c5..c2350db4c65 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests.java
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2012-2024 the original author or authors.
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests
 	@BeforeEach
 	void setUp() {
 		super.setUp();
-		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
+		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(null, getThrowableProxyConverter(), this.customizer);
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -90,4 +90,17 @@ class LogstashStructuredLogFormatterTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests
 					.replace("\r", "\\r"));
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void shouldFormatExceptionWithStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.formatter = new LogstashStructuredLogFormatter(new SimpleStackTracePrinter(), getThrowableProxyConverter(),
+				this.customizer);
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
+		event.setThrowableProxy(new ThrowableProxy(new RuntimeException("Boom")));
+		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
+		String json = this.formatter.format(event);
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		String stackTrace = (String) deserialized.get("stack_trace");
+		assertThat(stackTrace).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1dd21347fac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/SimpleStackTracePrinter.java
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2012-2025 the original author or authors.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.springframework.boot.logging.logback;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+
+import com.mchange.v1.lang.ClassUtils;
+
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+
+/**
+ * Simple {@link StackTracePrinter} used for testing.
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Webb
+ */
+class SimpleStackTracePrinter implements StackTracePrinter {
+
+	@Override
+	public void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException {
+		out.append("stacktrace:" + ClassUtils.simpleClassName(throwable.getClass()));
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoderTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoderTests.java
index eb52d08dab2..f162c5acb0c 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoderTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/logback/StructuredLogEncoderTests.java
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ class StructuredLogEncoderTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	void setUp() {
 		super.setUp();
 		this.environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer",
+				SimpleStackTracePrinter.class.getName());
 		this.loggerContext = new ContextBase();
 		this.loggerContext.putObject(Environment.class.getName(), this.environment);
 		this.encoder = new StructuredLogEncoder();
@@ -73,22 +75,36 @@ class StructuredLogEncoderTests extends AbstractStructuredLoggingTests {
 	void shouldSupportEcsCommonFormat() {
 		this.encoder.setFormat("ecs");
 		this.encoder.start();
-		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!"));
 		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
 		String json = encode(event);
 		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
 		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("ecs.version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("error.stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
 	}
 
 	@Test
 	void shouldSupportLogstashCommonFormat() {
 		this.encoder.setFormat("logstash");
 		this.encoder.start();
-		LoggingEvent event = createEvent();
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!"));
 		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
 		String json = encode(event);
 		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
 		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("@version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void shouldSupportGelfCommonFormat() {
+		this.encoder.setFormat("gelf");
+		this.encoder.start();
+		LoggingEvent event = createEvent(new RuntimeException("Boom!"));
+		event.setMDCPropertyMap(Collections.emptyMap());
+		String json = encode(event);
+		Map<String, Object> deserialized = deserialize(json);
+		assertThat(deserialized).containsKey("version");
+		assertThat(deserialized.get("_error_stack_trace")).isEqualTo("stacktrace:RuntimeException");
 	}
 
 	@Test
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests.java
index db8b5da3fee..132d5fc8e2a 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests.java
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.ValueProcessor;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StandardStackTracePrinter;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLogFormatterFactory.CommonFormatters;
 import org.springframework.boot.util.Instantiator.AvailableParameters;
 import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@ class StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests {
 	private void addCommonFormatters(CommonFormatters<LogEvent> commonFormatters) {
 		commonFormatters.add(CommonStructuredLogFormat.ELASTIC_COMMON_SCHEMA,
 				(instantiator) -> new TestEcsFormatter(instantiator.getArg(Environment.class),
-						instantiator.getArg(StringBuilder.class)));
+						instantiator.getArg(StackTracePrinter.class), instantiator.getArg(StringBuilder.class)));
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -94,11 +96,20 @@ class StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests {
 	}
 
 	@Test
-	void getUsingClassNameInjectsApplicationMetadata() {
+	void getUsingClassNameInjectsEnvironment() {
 		TestEcsFormatter formatter = (TestEcsFormatter) this.factory.get(TestEcsFormatter.class.getName());
 		assertThat(formatter.getEnvironment()).isSameAs(this.environment);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void getUsingClassNameInjectsStackTracePrinter() {
+		this.environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer", "standard");
+		StructuredLogFormatterFactory<LogEvent> factory = new StructuredLogFormatterFactory<>(LogEvent.class,
+				this.environment, this::addAvailableParameters, this::addCommonFormatters);
+		TestEcsFormatter formatter = (TestEcsFormatter) factory.get(TestEcsFormatter.class.getName());
+		assertThat(formatter.getStackTracePrinter()).isInstanceOf(StandardStackTracePrinter.class);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void getUsingClassNameInjectsCustomParameter() {
 		TestEcsFormatter formatter = (TestEcsFormatter) this.factory.get(TestEcsFormatter.class.getName());
@@ -159,12 +170,15 @@ class StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests {
 
 	static class TestEcsFormatter implements StructuredLogFormatter<LogEvent> {
 
-		private Environment environment;
+		private final Environment environment;
 
-		private StringBuilder custom;
+		private final StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter;
 
-		TestEcsFormatter(Environment environment, StringBuilder custom) {
+		private final StringBuilder custom;
+
+		TestEcsFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter, StringBuilder custom) {
 			this.environment = environment;
+			this.stackTracePrinter = stackTracePrinter;
 			this.custom = custom;
 		}
 
@@ -177,6 +191,10 @@ class StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests {
 			return this.environment;
 		}
 
+		StackTracePrinter getStackTracePrinter() {
+			return this.stackTracePrinter;
+		}
+
 		StringBuilder getCustom() {
 			return this.custom;
 		}
@@ -185,8 +203,8 @@ class StructuredLogFormatterFactoryTests {
 
 	static class ExtendedTestEcsFormatter extends TestEcsFormatter {
 
-		ExtendedTestEcsFormatter(Environment environment, StringBuilder custom) {
-			super(environment, custom);
+		ExtendedTestEcsFormatter(Environment environment, StackTracePrinter stackTracePrinter, StringBuilder custom) {
+			super(environment, stackTracePrinter, custom);
 		}
 
 	}
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests.java
index 6911d07fd85..2c28f87023f 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 	@Test
 	void customizeWhenHasExcludeFiltersMember() {
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Collections.emptySet(),
-				Set.of("a"), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null);
+				Set.of("a"), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null, null);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).doesNotContain("a").contains("b");
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 	@Test
 	void customizeWhenHasIncludeFiltersOtherMembers() {
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set.of("a"),
-				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null);
+				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null, null);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).contains("a")
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 	@Test
 	void customizeWhenHasIncludeAndExcludeFiltersMembers() {
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set.of("a", "b"), Set.of("b"),
-				Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null);
+				Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null, null);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).contains("a")
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 	@Test
 	void customizeWhenHasRenameRenamesMember() {
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Collections.emptySet(),
-				Collections.emptySet(), Map.of("a", "z"), Collections.emptyMap(), null);
+				Collections.emptySet(), Map.of("a", "z"), Collections.emptyMap(), null, null);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).contains("\"z\":\"a\"");
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 	@Test
 	void customizeWhenHasAddAddsMemeber() {
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Collections.emptySet(),
-				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Map.of("z", "z"), null);
+				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Map.of("z", "z"), null, null);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).contains("\"z\":\"z\"");
@@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 			.applyingNameProcessor(NameProcessor.of(String::toUpperCase));
 		given(((Instantiator) this.instantiator).instantiateType(TestCustomizer.class)).willReturn(uppercaseCustomizer);
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Collections.emptySet(),
-				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), Set.of(TestCustomizer.class));
+				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null,
+				Set.of(TestCustomizer.class));
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
 		assertThat(writeSampleJson(customizer)).contains("\"A\":\"a\"");
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizerTests {
 		given(((Instantiator) this.instantiator).instantiateType(FooCustomizer.class)).willReturn(new FooCustomizer());
 		given(((Instantiator) this.instantiator).instantiateType(BarCustomizer.class)).willReturn(new BarCustomizer());
 		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Collections.emptySet(),
-				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(),
+				Collections.emptySet(), Collections.emptyMap(), Collections.emptyMap(), null,
 				Set.of(FooCustomizer.class, BarCustomizer.class));
 		StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer customizer = new StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesJsonMembersCustomizer(
 				this.instantiator, properties);
diff --git a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests.java b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests.java
index 9f242ec191f..90b243d3494 100644
--- a/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests.java
+++ b/spring-boot-project/spring-boot/src/test/java/org/springframework/boot/logging/structured/StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests.java
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 package org.springframework.boot.logging.structured;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
 
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Nested;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHints;
@@ -26,8 +28,14 @@ import org.springframework.aot.hint.RuntimeHintsRegistrar;
 import org.springframework.aot.hint.predicate.RuntimeHintsPredicates;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.aot.AotServices;
 import org.springframework.boot.json.JsonWriter.Members;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.StandardStackTracePrinter;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.StackTrace;
+import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.StackTrace.Root;
 import org.springframework.boot.logging.structured.StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesRuntimeHints;
 import org.springframework.mock.env.MockEnvironment;
+import org.springframework.util.ClassUtils;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 
@@ -39,16 +47,35 @@ import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
 class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests {
 
 	@Test
-	void getBindsFromEnvironment() {
+	void getWhenHasNoStackTracePropertiesBindsFromEnvironment() {
 		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		setupJsonProperties(environment);
+		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.get(environment);
+		assertThat(properties).isEqualTo(new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set.of("a", "b"), Set.of("c", "d"),
+				Map.of("e", "f"), Map.of("g", "h"), null, Set.of(TestCustomizer.class)));
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void getWhenHasStackTracePropertiesBindsFromEnvironment() {
+		MockEnvironment environment = new MockEnvironment();
+		setupJsonProperties(environment);
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.printer", "standard");
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.root", "first");
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-length", "1024");
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.max-throwable-depth", "5");
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-common-frames", "true");
+		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.stacktrace.include-hashes", "true");
+		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.get(environment);
+		assertThat(properties.stackTrace())
+			.isEqualTo(new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.StackTrace("standard", Root.FIRST, 1024, 5, true, true));
+	}
+
+	private void setupJsonProperties(MockEnvironment environment) {
 		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.include", "a,b");
 		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.exclude", "c,d");
 		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.rename.e", "f");
 		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.add.g", "h");
 		environment.setProperty("logging.structured.json.customizer", TestCustomizer.class.getName());
-		StructuredLoggingJsonProperties properties = StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.get(environment);
-		assertThat(properties).isEqualTo(new StructuredLoggingJsonProperties(Set.of("a", "b"), Set.of("c", "d"),
-				Map.of("e", "f"), Map.of("g", "h"), Set.of(TestCustomizer.class)));
 	}
 
 	@Test
@@ -64,7 +91,7 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests {
 		assertThat(RuntimeHintsPredicates.reflection().onType(StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.class)).accepts(hints);
 		assertThat(RuntimeHintsPredicates.reflection()
 			.onConstructor(StructuredLoggingJsonProperties.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Set.class, Set.class, Map.class,
-					Map.class, Set.class))
+					Map.class, StackTrace.class, Set.class))
 			.invoke()).accepts(hints);
 	}
 
@@ -74,6 +101,90 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests {
 			.anyMatch(StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesRuntimeHints.class::isInstance);
 	}
 
+	@Nested
+	class StackTraceTests {
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenEmptyReturnsNull() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(null, null, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isNull();
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenNoPrinterAndNotEmptyReturnsStandard() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(null, Root.LAST, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isInstanceOf(StandardStackTracePrinter.class);
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenLoggingSystemReturnsNull() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace("logging-system", null, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isNull();
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenLoggingSystemRelaxedReturnsNull() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace("LoggingSystem", null, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isNull();
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenStandardReturnsStandardPrinter() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace("standard", null, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isInstanceOf(StandardStackTracePrinter.class);
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenStandardRelaxedReturnsStandardPrinter() {
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace("STANDARD", null, null, null, null, null);
+			assertThat(properties.createPrinter()).isInstanceOf(StandardStackTracePrinter.class);
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenStandardAppliesCustomizations() {
+			Exception exception = TestException.create();
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(null, Root.FIRST, 300, 2, true, false);
+			StackTracePrinter printer = properties.createPrinter();
+			String actual = TestException.withoutLineNumbers(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception));
+			assertThat(actual).isEqualTo("""
+					java.lang.RuntimeException: exception
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.actualCreateException(TestException.java:NN)
+						at org.springframework.boot.logging.TestException.createException(TestException.java:NN)
+						... 2 filtered
+						Suppressed: java.lang.RuntimeException: supressed
+							at o...""");
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenStandardWithHashesPrintsHash() {
+			Exception exception = TestException.create();
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(null, null, null, null, null, true);
+			StackTracePrinter printer = properties.createPrinter();
+			String actual = printer.printStackTraceToString(exception);
+			assertThat(actual).containsPattern("<#[0-9a-z]{8}>");
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenClassNameCreatesPrinter() {
+			Exception exception = TestException.create();
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(TestStackTracePrinter.class.getName(), null, null, null, true, null);
+			StackTracePrinter printer = properties.createPrinter();
+			assertThat(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception)).isEqualTo("java.lang.RuntimeException: exception");
+		}
+
+		@Test
+		void createPrinterWhenClassNameInjectsConfiguredPrinter() {
+			Exception exception = TestException.create();
+			StackTrace properties = new StackTrace(TestStackTracePrinterCustomized.class.getName(), Root.FIRST, 300, 2,
+					true, null);
+			StackTracePrinter printer = properties.createPrinter();
+			String actual = TestException.withoutLineNumbers(printer.printStackTraceToString(exception));
+			assertThat(actual).isEqualTo("RuntimeExceptionexception!	at org.spr...");
+
+		}
+
+	}
+
 	static class TestCustomizer implements StructuredLoggingJsonMembersCustomizer<String> {
 
 		@Override
@@ -82,4 +193,30 @@ class StructuredLoggingJsonPropertiesTests {
 
 	}
 
+	static class TestStackTracePrinter implements StackTracePrinter {
+
+		@Override
+		public void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException {
+			out.append(throwable.toString());
+		}
+
+	}
+
+	static class TestStackTracePrinterCustomized implements StackTracePrinter {
+
+		private final StandardStackTracePrinter printer;
+
+		TestStackTracePrinterCustomized(StandardStackTracePrinter printer) {
+			this.printer = printer.withMaximumLength(40)
+				.withLineSeparator("!")
+				.withFormatter((throwable) -> ClassUtils.getShortName(throwable.getClass()) + throwable.getMessage());
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public void printStackTrace(Throwable throwable, Appendable out) throws IOException {
+			this.printer.printStackTrace(throwable, out);
+		}
+
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/src/checkstyle/import-control.xml b/src/checkstyle/import-control.xml
index b35047ae803..e45b3b70500 100644
--- a/src/checkstyle/import-control.xml
+++ b/src/checkstyle/import-control.xml
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
 
 	<!-- Logging -->
 	<subpackage name="logging">
+		<allow pkg="org.springframework.boot.context.properties" />
 		<allow pkg="org.springframework.boot.context.properties.bind" />
 		<allow pkg="org.springframework.context.aot" />
 		<disallow pkg="org.springframework.context" />